单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)
词汇
部分
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词语
辨析
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1. select /
choose / elect / pick
2. country
/ nation / state / land
3. missing / lost / gone
4. former /
previous
5. find / find out / discover
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词形
变化
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1.value n. 价值
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valuable adj. 贵重的; 很有价值的
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valueless adj. 无价值的; 没有用处的
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2. survive v. 继续生存或存在
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survival n. 存活; 幸存
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survivor n. 幸存者
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3. decorate v. 装饰
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decoration n. 装饰; 装潢
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decorative adj. 装饰的; 作装饰用的
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重点
单词
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1.
fancy adj. 不寻常的; 精致的; v. 想; 以为; 想像
2. consider vt. 考虑;认为
3. wonder n.惊奇,奇迹;不知道……(想知道)
4. doubt n.怀疑;不确定; 不信任;v.对……无把握,怀疑
5. worth adj.值得(做某事); 有(做某事)的价值; n.价值; 用处
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重点
词组
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1. in return 回报,作为报酬
2. rather
than不是别的,而是……
3. think
highly of 看重;高度评价
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重点句子
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1. Frederick William I,the King Of
Prussia,could never have imagined that his Greatest gift to the Russian
people would have such an amazing history.
2. Later,CatherineⅡhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St
Peters-burg where she spent her summers.
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重点语法
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限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 (见语法部分)
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语言要点(模块)
Ⅰ词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. select / choose / elect / pick
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【解释】
这些动词均含有“选择”之意。
select 强调在广泛的范围内进行“精选或淘汰”,侧重以客观为标准进行选择。
choose 普通用词,侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择,着重被选者的优点。
elect 指按照一定的规章或法律,用投票等方式进行的认真慎重的选择。
pick 口语用词,强调“从个人角度在众多之中进行挑选”,有时含有“任意选择”的意思。
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【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Please ________ a good book for me.
2). She ________ a diamond ring from the collection.
3). We _________ our monitor by a show of hands.
4). She _________ the red sweater rather than the
pink one.
Keys:
1). pick 2). selected 3). elected 4). chose
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2. country / nation / state /
land
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【解释】
country主要是指主权的、统一的国家,往往侧重于疆土,是中性词,有时是指全国的人民,country还可指与城市相对的农村;
nation也可以指国家,比state更为庄重,所以联合国用的是the United Nations,但有时侧重于指“人民,国民”,同时,nation也可以指“民族”;
state是政权意义上的“国家,政府”,state还可以指“州”;
land是指国土意义上的国家,是一种文学用语,多见于诗歌中。
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【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). After many years abroad,she wanted to return to her ________.
2). The President spoke on TV to the _________.
3). The Jewish ________ is scattered around the
world.
4). The US is divided into 50 _________.
5). We returned to the ________ where she was born.
Keys:
1). country 2). nation 3).
nation 4). states 5). land
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3. missing / lost / gone
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【解释】
missing: “丢失的, 缺少的”, 强调不在场
lost: 过去分词, “失去的, 丧失的”
gone: 过去分词, “过去的,不在的,丢了”,常作表语和补语
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【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Five people were _______.
2). The boat and
all the men were ___ in the storm.
3). My pain in
the leg is ____ now.
Keys: 1). missing 2). lost 3).
gone
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4. former / previous
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【解释】
former 是latter的反义词,对比意味强。
previous 指时间上、顺序上较早 ,或指正在谈论的某事的前一个。
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5. find / find out / discover
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【解释】
find out 经过努力有意去 “找”, “打听”, “弄清楚” 。
find “找到,发现”, 强调结果。
discover 发现本来就存在但未被人所知的事物, 地方, 思想等。
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【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). I’ve _____ the book I was looking for.
2). Please _______ what time they are coming.
3).Columbus_________ theNew
Worldin 1492.
Keys: 1).
found 2). find out 3). discovered
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Ⅱ 词性变化 (旨在提供语法填空所需材料)
1.value n. 价值
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valuable adj. 贵重的; 很有价值的
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valueless adj. 无价值的; 没有用处的
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2. survive v. 继续生存或存在
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survival n. 存活; 幸存
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survivor n. 幸存者
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3. decorate v. 装饰
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decoration n. 装饰; 装潢
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decorative adj. 装饰的; 作装饰用的
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【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) The jawbone was our most _________
discovery. (value)
2) They have
ordered software to the _______ of
700. (value)
3) He thinks our advice is _________, so he won’t take it. ((value))
4) Many strange customs have __________ from earlier times. (survive)
5) This ceremony is a _________ from
pre-Christian times. (survive)
6) She is the only ________ in the accident.
(survive)
7) When will they finish the ________ of the
bathroom? (decorate)
8) The
building was _________ with flags. (decorate)
9). The coloured lights are very _________.
(decorate)
Keys: 1) valuable 2) value 3) valueless 4) survived 5) survival
6) survivor 7) decoration 8) decorated 9). decorative
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Ⅲ 重点词汇 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)
1. fancy adj. 不寻常的; 精致的; v. 想; 以为; 想像
[典例]
1). That's a very
fancy pair of shoes! 那是一双非常别致的鞋!
2). I fancy (that)
it's going to rain today. 我看今天要下雨
[重点用法]
fancy that…以为是…… fancy (sb’s)
doing…想像(某人)做某事
fancy oneself 自负;自命不凡 fancy
sb. to be / as 想象/认为某人会成为……
[练习] 中译英
1). 她竟如此放肆!
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 他以为她喜欢他。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). Fancy
her being so rude!
2). He
fancies she likes him.
2. consider
vt. 考虑;认为
[典例]
1). We are considering going toCanada, ie we may go there. 我们正考虑到加拿大去。
2). We
consider this (to be) very important. 我们认为这非常重要。
[重点用法]
consider doing sth./sth.考虑做某事
consider sb./sth. as / to be…
consider it +形容词+ to do
sth….认为做某事是……
considering…考虑到……
[练习] 中译英
1). 你是否考虑过如何到达那里?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 他会被认为是个软弱无能的领导人。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). Have you considered how to get there?
2). He will be considered a weak leader.
3. wonder n.惊奇,奇迹;不知道……(想知道)
[典例]
1). They
were filled with wonder at the sight. 他们见此情景惊叹不已。
2). I
wonder who he is. 我不知道他究竟是谁。
[重点用法]
wonder +从句“自忖……,自问……,不知道……(想知道)”
wonder +if从句“请问您是否……”(用于礼貌地提出请求)
wonder at对……感到惊奇
[练习] 中译英
1).我也不知道他们能不能准时到。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2).难怪你来晚了!
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). I wonder whether they will arrive on time.
2). No wonder you
were late!
4. doubt n.怀疑;不确定; 不信任;v.对……无把握,怀疑
[典例]
1). He is without doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught. 他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。
2). I
doubt whether he'll come. 我不敢肯定他来不来。
[重点用法]
There is no doubt about sth./ that ….毫无疑问……
without doubt确定地;无疑地
I don’t doubt that …我肯定……(=I’m sure/certain that…)
I doubt if/whether …我不确定……(=I’m not sure/certain if/whether…)
[练习] 中译英
1). 不知道那是不是他想要的。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 那件事情没有什么可疑之处。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). I
doubt if that was what he wanted.
2). There's not much doubt about it.
5. worth adj.值得(做某事); 有(做某事)的价值; n.价值; 用处
[典例]
1). The new car cost
a lot of money, but it's certainly worth it. 买这辆新汽车花了很多钱,
但确实物有所值。
2). The thieves
stole 1 million worth of jewellery. 窃贼偷走了价值100万英镑的珠宝。
[重点用法]
be worth doing sth值得(做某事); 有(做某事)的价值
worth of sth用于表示数量﹑ 持续时间等的名词之后,值某金额的量
[练习] 中译英
1). 这本书值得一读。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 他有十英镑的汽油。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1). The book is worth reading/It's worth reading
the book.
2). He has ten pounds'
worth of petrol.
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