F．动词不定式作状语
不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因、条件等。
1．表示目的
I'm
saving up to buy a computer.我在存钱买电脑。
To save
the child, he laid down his life.为了救那个孩子，他献出了生命。
注意：有时为了强调或突出这种目的，也可以用in
order (not) to do,和so as (not) to do结构（so
as to do不可以置于句首）。
He
shouted and waved in order to be noticed.为了吸引注意，他又嚷嚷又挥手。
I'll
write down his telephone number so as not to forget it.我要把他的电话号码记下来，以防忘记。
2．表示结果
He got
to the station only to find the train had gone.他赶到车站，发现火车已经开走了。
What
have I said to make you so angry我说了什么话使你气成这样？
After
the meeting, they parted, never to see each other again.散会后，他们分手了，从此再也没有见面。
必背：不定式表示结果常见于下列句型。
1）so
... as to do
Would
you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle把你的自行车借给我好吗？
2）such
... as to do
We are
not such fools as to believe him.我们还没蠢到竟会相信他。
3）enough
to do
He
didn't run fast enough to catch the train.
他跑得不够快,没赶上火车。
4）only
to do
He
lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石头砸自己的脚。
5）too
... to do
His
eyesight is too poor to read such small letters.她的视力太差了，不能看这么小的字。
注意：too...to...结构中的形容词如果是eager,
pleased, happy, ready等，动词不定式不表示结果，也没有否定的意思。
The boy
was too eager to get a geography book.那个男孩非常急切地想要得到一本地理书。
He is
too anxious to know the examination results.他很急切地想知道考试结果。
3．表示原因
I was a
fool not to listen to you at that time. 我当时不听你的话，真是傻瓜。
She wept
to find him in such a difficult situation.看到他处于这么困难的情形，她哭了。
4．表示条件
A man
would be blind not to see that.一个人如果看不到这点，那他就是瞎子。
How can
you catch the train to start so late这么晚才动身，你怎么能赶上火车？
第五章 动词不定式（二）
一、动词不定式的几种常见结构
A．不定式的复合结构
动词不定式的逻辑主语（即不定式动作的执行者）通常是句子的主语或宾语。如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，此时一般用“for +名词（代词）+不定式”来构成不定式的复合结构，这种复合结构在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语、状语、定语。
This box
is too heavy for the little boy to carry.
这个箱子让这个小男孩来搬太重了。
That's
for you to decide.那个由你来决定。
He stood
aside for me to pass.他站到一边让我通过。
I have some
books for you to read.我有几本书送给你读
。
B．be
+不定式结构
“be +不定式”结构可以表示将来发生的动作，常有以下两种情况：
1．表示命令和指示
The room
is to be locked.这房间要上锁。
You are
not to stand here.你不能站在这里。
2．表示计划或安排
We are
to begin the work next month.我们安排下一个月开始这项工作。
What's
to be done next下一步该怎么办？
C．疑问词+不定式结构
疑问词who,
what, which, when, where, how, why后加动词不定式构成不定式短语，它在句中可作主语、宾语和表语。
I don't
know whether to go to the meeting or not.我不知道要不要去开会。
The
problem was how to get rid of the waste thrown by the passengers.问题是如何处理乘客们丢弃的垃圾。
When to
visit the Palace Museum has not been decided yet.何时参观故宫博物院还没有决定。
D．withwithout
+名词+不定式结构
“withwithout +名词+不定式”结构在句子中通常起状语的作用。
With so
much work to do, I shall not be able to go to the cinema with you.有这么多工作要做，我不能和你去看电影了。
With him
to stay in the house, I feel quite safe.有他住在家里，我感到十分安全。
Without
anything to eat, he died of hunger.由于没有东西吃，他饿死了。
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