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1．主语从句中的虚拟语气
主语从句通常用于“It is +形容词名词动词的-ed形式+ that ...”结构。主语从句中是否用虚拟语气取决于所用的形容词或动词的-ed形式，其谓语动词常用“should +动词原形”（美国英语常省略should，只用动词原形）。
①表示建议或命令
It is important that we (should) work out a study plan.重要的是我们要制订出一个学习计划。
It will be better that we (should) meet some other time.最好我们在另一个时间见面。
It is suggested that each student (should) sing a song in English.有人建议每个学生都要唱一首英文歌曲。
It is demanded that he should leave at once.要求他立刻离开。
②表示惊讶
It is
strange that he should have failed to see his own shortcomings.真奇怪他竟看不到自己的缺点。
It is a pityshame that I should be at school instead of lying here in
hospital.真可惜，我应当在学校而不是躺在医院里。
It is natural that you should forget it first.你起先记不住是很自然的。
必背：
常见的要接含有虚拟语气主语从句的词
形容词：important,
necessary, urgent, essential, vital, natural, strange, proper等
动词的-ed形式：arranged, suggested, ordered, required, desired, demanded,
proposed等
It is necessary that the program (should) be
loaded into the computer.有必要把程序输入电脑。
It is strange that he should have learned so
much in such a short time.很奇怪他竟然在如此短的时间内学了那么多的东西。
It is desired that we (should) get everything
ready by tonight.希望一切在今晚前准备就绪。
2．宾语从句
虚拟语气常用在表示要求、建议、命令或愿望的动词后的宾语从句中。
常见的宾语从句中需用“should+动词原形”的动词有：
一个坚持：insist
两个命令：order,command
三个建议：suggest,advise,propose
四个要求：demand,require,ask,desire
①在suggest（建议）,
order(命令), propose(建议),
insist（坚持要做）, command (命令)，request（要求），advise（建议）等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should +动词原形（美国英语常省略should）。
The examination instructor asked that the
students (should) not use a calculator.考官要求学生不要使用计算器。
The workers demanded that their wages
(should) be raised by 10 percent.工人们要求增加百分之十的工资。
They requested that he (should) sing a song.他们要求他唱一首歌。
比较：
动词suggest和insist后面的宾语从句，应根据不同情况选用陈述语气或虚拟语气。
suggest作“建议”解时，用虚拟语气，作“使想起、暗示”解时，用陈述语气。
His silence suggested that he agreed with my
decision.他的沉默暗示他赞同我的决定。（暗示）
He suggested that I (should) stick to my
decision.他建议我坚持自己的决定。（建议）
insist作“坚决要求”解时，用虚拟语气，作“坚持认为”解时，用陈述语气。
He insists that doing morning exercises does
good to people's health.他坚持认为做早操对健康有益。（强调）
He insists that he (should) do morning
exercises every day.他坚持每天都要做早操。（要求）
②在动词wish后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，表示不可能实现的愿望。
一般过去时weredid 表示目前不可能实现的愿望
I wish I were a bird.但愿我是一只小鸟。
I wish I knew the answer.我要是知道答案就好了。
过去完成时 had done 表示过去不可能实现的愿望
I wish she had taken my advice.那时她要是接受我的建议就好了。
I wish that I had seen her yesterday.真希望我昨天见过她。
过去将来时wouldcould
do表示将来没有把握或不可能实现的愿望
I wish you would stay an hour longer.我希望你再呆一个小时。
I wish it could stop raining.但愿雨能停。
提示：
由于wish和hope的汉语意思差不多，在使用上往往容易出错。wish一般表示“希望”、“但愿”，表示不可能实现的愿望，后接从句时要用虚拟语气；hope表示“希望”，指可以实现的希望，后接从句时用陈述语气。
The students hope that their football team
will win the game.学生们希望他们的足球队获胜。（可能实现）
I wish I could see him now.我希望现在就能看到他。（不可能实现）
3．表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词要用“should +动词原形”结构。
My advice is that you (should) practise
speaking English as often as possible.我的建议是你尽可能经常地练习说英语。
The demand is that the composition (should)
be written on one side only.按照要求作文必须单面誊写。
It is my desire that all the members of the
family (should) gather once a year.我的愿望是所有家庭成员一年团圆一次。
The suggestion that education (should) be
reformed is reasonable.教育要改革的建议是合理的。
必背：
表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词常见的有
advice 建议
demand 要求
desire 愿望
decision决定
idea 意见
motion 提议
order命令
proposal提议
requirement 要求
request 请求
regulation规章
suggestion 建议
①方式状语从句
由as
if或as though引导的状语从句可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实的情况，也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。
a.表示与现在事实不相符，用一般过去时
The
teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child.这位老师对待这位学生就像自己的亲生孩子一样。（这位学生并不是她的亲生孩子）
b.表示与过去事实不相符，用过去完成时
I felt
as though we had known each other for years.我感觉我们好像认识多年了。（其实并没有认识多年）
c.表示与将来事实不相符，用wouldmightcould
It looks
as if it might rain.天看上去好像要下雨。（不大可能下雨）
对比：
He looks
as if he is young.看样子他好像很年轻。（他就是年轻）
He looks
as if he were young.看样子他好像很年轻。（实际上他不年轻）
②目的状语从句
a.由in
case, lest, for fear that引导的目的状语从句，动词用“should
+动词原形”结构，表示忧虑或目的。
Please
remind me of it again tomorrow in case I (should) forget.请你明天再提醒我这件事，以免我忘记。
She
emphasized it again and again, lest he (should) forget.她一再强调这一点免得他忘记。
We had a
meeting and talked the matter over face to face for fear that there
should
be any misunderstanding.
我们开了一个会，面对面谈了这件事，以免发生任何误会.
b.在in
order that和so that引导的目的状语从句中，往往用can(could)或may(might)。
I shall
write down your telephone number so that I may not forget.我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。
They
worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of
time.为了能提前完成工作，他们比往常更加努力。
We will
tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判断。
③让步状语从句
让步状语从句指事实时，从句谓语动词用陈述语气。若从句内容表示现在和将来的假设情况，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气。
Though
he (should) fail, there would still be hope.即使他失败了，仍有一线希望。
I should
say the same thing even if he were here.即使他在这里，我还是要这么说。
Whether
he (should) succeed or fail, we shall have to do our part.不管他成功还是失败，我们还是要做好自己的事。
However
hard it might rain rains, we shall go there together.不管雨下得多么大，今晚我们还是要去那里。
No
matter what his social position (might) be, a man is equal in the eye of the
law.一个人不论其社会地位如何，在法律面前都是平等的。
C．定语从句中的虚拟语气
在It
is (high) time (that) ...结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式，表示“到某人该做某事的时间了”。
It is
time that the children went to bed.到孩子们睡觉的时间了。
It is
high time that we began the meeting.正是我们开会的时间了。
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