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Part C
Read the
following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into
Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10
points)
Within the
span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a
tide of emigration-one the great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe
to America. (46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations,
built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and
destiny of an uncharted continent.
(47) The
United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of
European peoples with their varied ideas,customs and national characteristics
and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity,
colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came
successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen,
Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions
to the new world. (48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to
America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the
sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused
significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible.
But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European
society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.
(49) The
first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United
States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the
15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving
Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South
America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully
overcrowded craft. During their six-to twelve-week voyage, they survived on
barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ships were lost in storms,
many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey.
Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought
unbearably long delay.
To the
anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible
relief. Said one recorder of events, The air at twelve leagues distance smelt
as sweet as a new-blown garden. Thecolonists first glimpse of the new land was
a sight of dense woods.(50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of
trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to
Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses
and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.
46）在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。
47）美国是两种主要力量的产物即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。
48）但由于美国特有的地理条件,不同民族的相互作用,以及维护原始老式方式的纯粹困难,新大陆引起了重大变化。
49）在15-16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后，运往该领土-即当今的美国-的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。
50）拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库，它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。
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