Part B
Directions:
In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions
41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the
numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the
blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER
SHEET 1. (10 points)
The time for sharpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing
almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear
on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie
down to write. (41)是大家网原创出品
Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one
point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you. If a relevant and
important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. (42) 是大家网原创出品 Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can
wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most
often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous
search for errors.
(43) 是大家网原创出品 Your pages will be easier
to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it
elsewhere, you will not lose any writing on the other side.
If you are working on a word processor, you can take advantage
of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire
paragraphs by making just a few simple keyboard commands. Some software
programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your
writing. (44) 是大家网原创出品 These printouts are also
easier to read than the screen when you work on revisions.
Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material
that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your
points and make your paper convincing. The student who wrote “The A & P as
a State of Mind” wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy
displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women. (45) 是大家网原创出品
Remember that your initial draft is only that. You should go
through the paper many times – and then again – working to substantiate and
clarify your ideas. You may even end up with several entire versions of the
paper. Rewrite. The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a
single topic. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there
are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear
sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.
[A] To make revising
easier, leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily
add words, sentences, and corrections. Write on only one side of the paper.
[B] After you have clearly
and adequately developed the body of your paper, pay particular attention to
the introductory and concluding paragraphs. It’s probably best to write the
introduction last, after you know precisely what you are introducing.
Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with
a final impression.
[C] It’s worth
remembering, however, that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look
terrific, it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone
into it. Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages
each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power
failures or other problems.
[D] It makes no difference
how you write, just so you do. Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative
thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you
have made.
[E] Although this is an
interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the
setting influences Sammy’s decision to quit his job. Instead of including that
paragraph, she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls
so that she could lead up to the A & P “policy” he enforces.
[F] In the final paragraph
about the significance of the setting in “A & P,” the student brings
together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to his refusal to accept
Lengel’s store policies.
[G] By using the first
draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say, you will very likely
discover more than your notes originally suggested. Plenty of good writers don’t
use outlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write. Do not
attempt to compose a perfectly correct draft the first time around.
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